Bearing roller



atented Sept. 24, 1940 BEARING ROLLER -Otto Henselman, Canton, Ohio Original application March 3, 1936, Serial No.

Divided and this application August 15, 1938, Serial No. 224,841

3 Claims.

The invention relates to improvements in roller bearings and more particularly `to that type of bearing in which tapered bearing rollers are employed, and the present application is a division of my co-pending application Serial No.

66,908, led March 3, 1936.

The object of the invention is to provide tapered bearing rollers of balanced form so` as to produce a correlation of the elements in a m bearing structure which will assure a more efficient operationand greater durability of the bearing as an entirety.

Because of the apparent fact, of higher powered engines, greater speed, and more powerful lid brakes, also quick starting and stops, the balanced tapered rollers produce a greater degree of safety performance, thereby, exceeding the limits of unbalanced rollers, vrelative to a natural law, i. e. the force of gravity.

2U Another object is to provide a tapered bearing roller so formed that the roller will be balanced whereby when it is used in a bearing structure it will be retained in true rolling line at all times, whereby friction will be reduced to a 2d minimum.

A further object is to provide a tapered bearing roller so shaped that it will be balanced when in,use so as to neutralize wobbling or dancing of the roller.

3U A still further object is to provide a tapered bearing roller which is properly balanced byl forming al substantially conical cavity in the larger or heavier end of the roller.

Another object of the invention is to provide 3B a bearing rller so constructed that a race of 'such rollers will be both statically and dynamicallyA balanced.

The above objects together with others which will be apparent from the drawing or which may 40 be later referred to lmay be attained by constructing the improved bearing roller in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view 45 through a tapered bearing roller embodying the invention;

Fig. 2, an end view of the roller, looking to-I trifugalized area in which the tapered rollers operate in a roller bearing; and

Eig. 6, a diagrammatic view of the tapered cone upon whichthe tapered rollers are seated.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts 5 throughout the drawing.

Referring rst lto Fig. 5 of the drawingfjthis diagrammatic view is for the purpose of showing at l0 the centrifugalized area in which the tapered bearing rollers operate in a roller bearing.

The vertical center line is indicated at A-B,

` and the horizontal center line is shown at C-D.

vweight found in the large or heavier end of the roller, and thus, both ends of the rollers rolling line become a\ balanced form of tapered roller. It is necessary here to investigate further the signicance of balanced rolls in order to attain the greatest possible clearness. Let us turn to Fig. 6, of the drawing, the cone, and for example for more definite ideas relative lto this invention, we call the cone diameter at I2, 10 inches, once and for all in this experiment, we return now to- Fig. 5, and the four cardinal points. At A is the exact point where applicant has now placed a roller, it rests there one hundred percent. The distance from the center of the cone or its axis or rotation naturally is five inches to point of l so we place the cup in its position, and now o' that same 'roller rests one hundred percent at point B, the Yroller being for example two inches in diameter at its large end, the distance thus, is from the axis of rotation to its resting point, seven inches, because at no other point in the cup area will the roller rest, so point'B is a point of event, at C-D the roller is free of the cup and cone. Since these points only indicate the inuence of force of gravity one hundred percent and the distance of the axis relative lto rotation at C-D is six inches to a point of center of the force of gravity or gravitational space, points of event, the foregoing consideration, relative to the four cardinal points, and the law of force of gravity.

Expressed in an abstract manner We say, one pound of Weight was taken out of the heavier end of the roller, because it was that much heavier than'its smaller end, of the rolling line, possibly slightly more metal being removed to allow for some lubrication that might lodge in the cavity, as indicated at I5 in Fig. 4, of the draw- Assuming that in this bearing there are twenty rollers, one pound equals four pounds, and, twenty pounds equals eighty pounds, it is obvious that twenty rollers, each having one pound removed will indicate twenty` pounds statically, relative to their positions and to its axis. But the result, dynamically, is eighty pounds.

As the tapered rollers pass through these four cardinal points there are four diierent positions of compulsion in the roller race area. It is necessary that this fact be recognized in order to appreciate the significance of the balanced rollers.

Referring to Fig. 6, the tapered cone, upon which the tapered bearing rollers are seated, is indicated generally at II.

Since the larger end of the roller rolls upon the larger area of the cone, the taper vitally effects the natural lawsof force and gravity as well as the centrifugal force and these conditions cannot be neutralized excepting by balancing the rollers or the race in correlation of the elements of the bearing.

In the past considerable attention has been devoted to contact of the larger end of the roller with the rib I2 of the cone, in order to give true rolling line contact for tapered rollers, and while this is important it has been found that proper balancing of the rollers is of even more importance because the larger or heavier end of the roller operating naturally in the larger centrifugal area is affected by the natural laws of gravity and force.

It is, therefore, desirable and even necessary that each roller be properly balanced in order that the bearing may perform at maximum capacity.

A fragmentary sectional view of the cone II and cup I3 of a tapered roller bearing is illustrated in Fig. 4; a balanced tapered roller I4 being shown interposed in proper position between the cone and cup.

The practice and theoretical consideration of the center of gravity is more than olf-set by the fact that the roller race area is a centrifugal area "located around the center or axis upon which the bearing rotates.

It is, of course, true that the force at high speed of a race of tapered rollers will tend to force the rollers outward toward the greatest area of the race or against the rib I2 of the cone I I, tending to hold the rollers in true rolling line. But unless the rollers are rotating under speed, the center of gravity is of no importance and is merely a theoretical consideration.

In order to properly balance each roller I4, a substantially conical cavity I5 is formed in the larger or heavier end I6 of the roller, sufficient metal being removed from the cavity so that the larger or heavier end I6 of the roller will weigh exactly the same as the smaller or lighter end I1 thereof after the cavity is formed in the larger end.

It should be apparent that in order to statically and dynamically balance a roller, the size and shape of the balancing cavity will vary in each and every size and angular shape of tapered roller so as to reduce the weight of the heavier or larger endof the roller to exactly the same as the smaller or lighter end thereof.

By so balancing each roller of a race the complete bearing is much better adapted for high speed tramc requirements in automobiles and similar vehicles where high speed operation and quick starts and stops are required; also for railroad rolling stock, powerful high speed industrial machinery and various other equipment.

Keeping in mind the scientific facts as illustrated and explained in relation to Fig. 5, the

advantage obtained by balancing the tapered rollers as disclosed herein, produces more powerful, smoother running, safety performance for exceeding the limits of unbalanced tapered rollers.

It should be understood that if desired any 'l usual and ordinary form of cage may be provided for the race of rollers, but since the cage itself forms no part of the invention and does not affect the balanced rollers, no cage is illustrated in the drawing.

3. A taper roller bearing including a cone, a "I tapered cup, and a race of tapered bearing rollers interposed between the cone and cup, each roller having a flared cavity in its larger end, said cavity being of such size and shape that each end of 4 the roller will weigh the same.

O'I'I'O HENSELMAN. 

